There’s an
intriguing series at quarter to four on Radio 4 this week about early
sound recordings. Thomas Alva Edison, who claimed to have invented
almost everything, did actually invent the phonograph in 1878,
although he followed the leads of a couple of Frenchmen, and was
closely followed in turn by Emile Berliner and Alexander Graham Bell,
the Scot who invented the telephone. There was a wonderful tangle
over the patents on both sides of the Atlantic.
I remember when I
was eight or ten years old I was given for Christmas a record of This
Old House, and we had another called Mission Bell. They were 78s –
stiff, brittle 10-inch discs that revolved at 78 r.p.m. The needle was
thick and heavy, and there was more hiss than music.
Then came an
amazing new phenomenon – the LP. Our American cousins sent us LPs of
musicals including Oklahoma and South Pacific. I can still remember
the words, not only of the songs, but also the hype on the sleeve:
‘Long-playing microgroove’, which sounded tremendously technical to
me. The stylus was lightweight, the record went round at only 33 r.p.m.,
and because it was 12 inches across it lasted for more than half an
hour, instead of four or five minutes. What’s more, there was much
more music than hiss.
Even more
miraculous, it was in stereo – you could have an orchestra playing in
your sitting room. Not that you would want an orchestra playing in
your sitting room, but the principle was there.
Later came the
7-inch 45 r.p.m. single, cassette tapes, and 8-track, and one day I
was approached by a man on a tricycle in the middle of the California
desert; he said ‘You must listen to this’, and put a pair of
headphones on my head. This was the prototype of the Walkman, called
the Stowaway. When he switched on I heard with extraordinary clarity a
train thundering from my right to my left, even though all I could see
was desert, and there was no railroad for miles.
But the subjects
of these radio programme are older even than I am: Victorian
recordings including Tennyson and Florence Nightingale. I have heard
Ms Nightingale, and could not make out a word until it was interpreted
for me. Perhaps these have been enhanced, or perhaps you have better
ears than I. In any case, happy listening.